Trends in Development of Accelerated Testing for Automotive and Aerospace Engineering

Cover
Trends in Development of Accelerated Testing for Automotive and Aerospace Engineering
Copyright
Dedication
About the Author
Preface
	Bibliography
1. Terms and definitions
	Correct terms and definitions
	References
2. Analysis of the current status of accelerated testing
	2.1 Introduction
		2.1.1 International standard in accelerated testing
		2.1.2 Recalls as source material for providing official information about product defects
	2.2 Basic general directions of accelerated testing development
		2.2.1 The first general direction (field/flight accelerated testing)
		2.2.2 The second general direction (accelerated testing based on computer/software simulation)
			Computer simulation and statistical analysis
				Computer simulation software
				Statistical analysis software
				Commonly used databases
			Computer-based simulations
				Vehicle and driver-vehicle software simulations
				Human response, control modeling, and simulation applications
				Extensive aerospace applications experience
		2.2.3 The third general direction (laboratory and proving ground testing with physical simulation of field conditions)
			Historical experience with accelerated test methods
			Developing an accelerated testing technology road map
		2.2.4 The fourth general direction (accelerated reliability/durability testing)
	2.3 Classifications of accelerated testing
		2.3.1 Qualitative testing
		2.3.2 ESS (Environmental Stress Screening) and burn-in
		2.3.3 Quantitative accelerated life testing
			Time compression approach
			Build a stress to life relationship approach
			Given acceleration model approach
			Step-stress approach
			Shock testing approach
			Degradation approach
	2.4 Fatigue accelerated testing
		2.4.1 Common consideration
			Fatigue and structural integrity of aerospace systems
		2.4.2 Locati method
		2.4.3 Staircase Loreti method
		2.4.4 Methods of analysis by numerical simulation
		2.4.5 The numerical simulation of the Staircase
		2.4.6 The numerical simulation of the Locati
		2.4.7 The numerical simulation of the Staircase Locati
		2.4.8 Fatigue testing for aircraft and satellites
	2.5 Vibration testing
	2.6 Crash testing
		Risks of Airbag Deployment versus Risk of Injury or Death
		Disadvantages of Having Passenger Car Airbags
			Potential Injury
			Resetting Airbags
			Virtual Dummies
	Bibliography
	Exercises
3. Developments in studying real world conditions for accurate simulation and successful accelerated testing
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Multi-environmental factors
	3.3 Environmental factors and machinery
	3.4 Determining climate characteristics as external conditions for machinery use
		3.4.1 Establishing a classification system with characteristics for world climate as an engineering tool
	3.5 Characteristics of the radiation regime
	3.6 Characteristics of the air thermal regime
	3.7 Daily variations of air temperature
	3.8 Air humidity and rain
	3.9 Characteristics of wind speed
	3.10 Atmospheric phenomena
	3.11 Biological factors
	3.12 The influence of climatic factors and atmospheric phenomena on the materials and on the system
		3.12.1 Influence of solar radiation
			3.12.1.1 Thermal influence of solar radiation
			3.12.1.2 Thermal balance of the surface
			3.12.1.3 Action of solar radiation on plastics
		3.12.2 Influence of high temperatures
	3.13 The influence of daily and yearly fluctuations of air temperatures and of rapid changes of climatic factors
	3.14 Influence of water (moisture), air humidity, fog, and dew
	3.15 The characteristics of combined influences of basic climatic (environmental) factors
	3.16 How reliable are climatic models for use in accelerated testing?
	Bibliography
	Exercises
4. Basic negative and positive trends in the development of accelerated testing
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Negative trends in the development of accelerated testing
		4.2.1 Basic negative trends in the development of accelerated testing
			4.2.1.1 Mentality causes
			4.2.1.2 Engineering causes
		4.2.2 Common negative trends in accelerated testing development related to automotive and aerospace engineering
		4.2.3 Specific tactical negative trends in accelerated testing development
		4.2.4 Trends in using virtual (computer) simulation and testing as a replacement for field/flight conditions
		4.2.5 Erroneous use of the exponential law of distribution in accelerated testing
			Introduction
				Analysis of the exponential growth-based models
				Events in which there is an exponential law of distribution correlation
			Conclusions
	4.3 Positive trends in the development of accelerated testing
		4.3.1 Common positive trends in accelerated testing development
			4.3.1.1 A&D modular test system
		4.3.2 Specific positive trends in accelerated testing that relate to any specific type of testing in automotive and aerospace eng ...
			4.3.2.1 Positives in reliability testing
			4.3.2.2 Positives in vibration testing
			Facilities
			Surface analysis
	Bibliography
	Exercises
5. The role of accurate simulation in the development of accelerated testing in automotive and aerospace engineering, and its  ...
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 The role of accurate engineering simulation in the development of automotive and aircraft systems
		The evolving role of UAS
		Integrated unmanned systems roadmap in 2007 [5.3]
		Implication for UAS designers and suppliers
		The role of engineering simulation
	5.3 Establishing the concepts and statistical criteria for providing the physical simulation of the input influences on a produ ...
	5.4 Determining the number and types of test parameters for analysis during accelerated reliability and durability testing
	5.5 Improvement in the accelerated testing engineering culture
		5.5.1 An organization's aspects of culture as a component for improving the engineering culture
	Bibliography
	Exercises
6. Implementation of basic positive trends in the development of accelerated testing
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Some aspects of implementation of accelerated reliability and durability testing, including citations from other authors' p ...
		6.2.1 Areas of ART/ADT implementation presented by other authors
		6.2.2 Examples with some citations from publications other than those published in the book Reliability Prediction and Testing Te ...
	6.3 Some citations from published reviews to this author's previous books related to the implementation of the basic positive t ...
	6.4 Some strategic aspects of the implementation of the positive trends in accelerated testing for successful prediction of a p ...
	6.5 Some of the author's patents in accelerated testing improvement that were actually implemented
	6.6 Implementation of the new concepts of accelerated testing improvement
	Bibliography
	Exercises
7. Trends in the development of equipment for accelerated testing
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 General trends in development testing equipment
		7.2.1 Global general trend test equipment market
	7.3 Trends in the testing and measurement industry
		7.3.1 Transformational shifts ahead. 1.94K
			7.3.1.1 Growth prospects and key trends for electronic testing and measurement (T&M) equipment
		7.3.2 Testing is more just new equipment
		7.3.3 WiseGuy reports forecast “electronic test and measurement market”
		7.3.4 Overview of the automotive test equipment market [7.8]
		7.3.5 Industry/innovation/related news
		7.3.6 Automotive test equipment market – segmentation
		7.3.7 Automotive test equipment market – regional analysis
		7.3.8 A historical perspective of EMC & field strength test solution [7.9]
		7.3.9 Market size and forecast
	7.4 Equipment for aerospace simulation
		7.4.1 Aerospace/altitude/space simulation
		7.4.2 Standard version
		7.4.3 Options
		7.4.4 Aerospace materials testing
		7.4.5 Fatigue testing capabilities
		7.4.6 Abrasion & wear testing
		7.4.7 Electrostatic discharge testing
		7.4.8 F-gas compliance
	7.5 Combined testing equipment
		7.5.1 Aerospace testing equipment
		7.5.2 Environmental testing and test facilities
		7.5.3 ETS mechanical data handling facilities
		7.5.4 ETS's maintenance, management and test facility services
		7.5.5 Chambers, enclosures, and test cell product gallery: EMC chambers
			7.5.5.1 Free-space Anechoic Chamber Test (FACT)
		7.5.6 Statistical mode averaging reverberation chambers (SMART)
			7.5.6.1 SMART™ 80
		7.5.7 Environmental combined testing equipment for military vehicles
			7.5.7.1 Test equipment for commercial vehicles
		7.5.8 Refrigeration systems
		7.5.9 Other automotive test equipment
	7.6 Combined testing for vehicle components
		7.6.1 Wheel & hub test systems
		7.6.2 Transmission & driveline test systems
		7.6.3 AV-series agree vibration chambers. temperature/humidity/vibration chambers
			7.6.3.1 CV-series vibration chambers. temperature – humidity – vibration chambers
			7.6.3.2 Drive-in chamber features
	7.7 Equipment for accelerated reliability and durability testing
	Bibliography
	Exercises
8. How to use the positive trends in the development of accelerated testing and avoid the negative aspects and misconceptions  ...
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Analysis of the current situation in accelerated testing
	8.3 Adopting the positive trends in accelerated reliability and durability testing technology
		8.3.1 Step 1: Collection of the initial information from the field
		8.3.2 Step 2: Analysis of the field/flight initial information as a random process
		8.3.3 Step 3: Establishing concepts for the physical simulation of the input influences on the product
		8.3.4 Step 4: The development and use of test equipment, which simulates the field/flight input influences on the actual product  ...
		8.3.5 Step 5: Determining the number and types of test parameters for analysis during accelerated reliability/durability testing
		8.3.6 Step 6: Selecting a representative input region for accelerated reliability testing
		8.3.7 Step 7: Preparation procedures for the actual accelerated reliability/durability testing
		8.3.8 Step 8: Use statistical criteria for comparing accelerated reliability/durability testing results with field/flight results
		8.3.9 Step 9: Collection, calculation, and statistical analysis of the accelerated reliability/durability testing data
		8.3.10 Step 10: Prediction of the dynamics of the test subject's reliability, durability, and maintainability during its service life
		8.3.11 Step 11: Using accelerated reliability/durability testing results for rapid and cost-effective test subject development and ...
	Bibliography
	Exercises
Index
	A
	B
	C
	D
	E
	F
	G
	H
	I
	K
	L
	M
	N
	O
	P
	Q
	R
	S
	T
	U
	V
	W
	Z
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