Vertical Reference Systems: IAG Symposium Cartagena, Colombia, February 20–23, 2001

Front Matter....Pages I-X
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
The Cooperation Between IAG and PAIGH....Pages 3-4
Front Matter....Pages 5-5
Velocity Estimates of IGS RNAAC Sirgas Stations....Pages 7-10
The Vertical Reference System in the Argentine Republic....Pages 11-15
Improvements in the Ellipsoidal Heights of the Argentine Reference Frame....Pages 16-19
Brazilian First Order Levelling Network....Pages 20-22
The Vertical Geodetic Network in Chile....Pages 23-26
Approach to the New Vertical Reference System for Colombia....Pages 27-33
Vertical Control Networks in Indonesia....Pages 34-37
Current Status of Vertical Control Network in Peninsular Malaysia and Plans for Adjustment....Pages 38-43
Vertical Geodetic Network of Mexico....Pages 44-49
The New Height System in Switzerland....Pages 50-55
Subsidence of the Permanent GPS Station Bogotá....Pages 56-59
Time Series Analysis of the Daily Solutions of the AGRS.NL Reference Stations....Pages 60-65
Vertical Motions from Geodetic and Geological Data: a Critical Discussion of the Results....Pages 66-71
Central European Vertical and Kinematic Systems....Pages 72-74
Advances in the Calculation of a Height Transformation Model in Buenos Aires Province....Pages 75-77
Front Matter....Pages 79-79
Estimation of Station Heights with GPS....Pages 81-90
Contribution of Individual Space Techniques to the Realization of Vertical Reference Systems....Pages 91-96
Analysis of Time Series of GPS Height Estimates with Regard to Atmospheric Pressure Loading....Pages 97-100
The Impact of Antenna Radomes on Height Estimates in Regional GPS Networks....Pages 101-106
Front Matter....Pages 79-79
Influence of tropospheric zenith delays obtained by GPS and VLBI on station heights....Pages 107-112
A Study on the Effects of Data Accuracy and Datum Inconsistencies on Relative GPS Levelling....Pages 113-118
Employing the Strict Kinematic Model for the Maintenance of a Height Reference Frame Based on Conventional Levellings....Pages 119-124
Minimising the Error Budget in the Third Precise Levelling of Sweden....Pages 125-130
The Influence of Gravity Variations on Leveled Heights....Pages 131-136
Motorised Levelling — The Ultimate Tool for Production of Classic National Height Networks....Pages 137-141
Front Matter....Pages 143-143
New Results in the Determination of the Geoid Model in Argentina....Pages 145-147
Data Collecting and Processing for Quasi-Geoid Determination in Brazil....Pages 148-151
Improving the Quasigeoid Model in Colombia....Pages 152-156
Isostatic Anomaly Maps for Colombia....Pages 157-162
Project to Refine the Geoidal Solution in the Mexican Area....Pages 163-168
The Vertical Datum and Local Geoidal Models in Uruguay....Pages 169-175
One Approach to Determine the Geoid Local Trend at Montevideo Area....Pages 176-181
Current Status of Geoid Calculation in Venezuela....Pages 182-186
Geoidal Undulations from GPS Measurements in Venezuela....Pages 187-191
Geoid Study in Tierra del Fuego....Pages 192-193
Preliminary Geoid Model for Tierra del Fuego....Pages 194-196
Using a ‘GPS/MSL Geoid’ to Test Geoid Models in the UK....Pages 197-202
Online and Postprocessed GPS-Heighting Based on the Concept of a Digital Height Reference Surface (DFHRS)....Pages 203-208
General Scheme for the Computation of Regional Geoid Undulations Using Spherical Wavelets....Pages 209-214
Front Matter....Pages 143-143
Predicting Free-Air Gravity Anomaly Using Artificial Neural Network....Pages 215-218
Local Geoid Models — Practical Considerations....Pages 219-222
Front Matter....Pages 223-223
The Sea Surface Topography and its Impact to Global Height System Definition....Pages 225-230
Correlation Between Multi-Mission Altimeter Time Series and Tide Gauge Registrations in the Caribbean Sea....Pages 231-237
The EVAMARIA Project: Identification and Verification of Sea Level Anomalies in the North Atlantic....Pages 238-243
Vertical Crustal Movements of Tide Gauge Sites Around the North Atlantic Ocean....Pages 244-248
Caribbean Sea Level Variability from TOPEX/Poseidon Altimetry....Pages 249-254
Monitoring Tide Gauge Benchmarks in Argentina by GPS....Pages 255-258
Mean Sea Level and Sea Surface Variability of Indonesian Waters from Topex/Poseidon....Pages 259-263
Using GPS to Separate Crustal Movements and Sea Level Changes at Tide Gauges in the UK....Pages 264-269
Towards a Globally Consistent Nautical Chart Datum Definition in France....Pages 270-275
The 3-D Coastline of the New Millennium (Managing Datums in N-Dimension Space)....Pages 276-281
Geoid Variations due to Mean Sea-Level Variations....Pages 282-287
Front Matter....Pages 289-289
World Height System Specified by Geopotential at Tide Gauge Stations....Pages 291-296
Scientific Foundations of the SIRGAS Vertical Reference System....Pages 297-301
The Vertical Reference Frame for the Americas — The Sirgas 2000 GPS Campaign —....Pages 302-305
Preliminary Results of SIRGAS 2000 Campaign — IBGE Analysis Center....Pages 306-311
Processing of the SIRGAS 2000 GPS Network at DGFI....Pages 312-317
Associated Problems to Link South American Vertical Networks and Possible Approaches to Face Them....Pages 318-323
Connection of the Vertical Control Networks of Venezuela, Brazil and Colombia....Pages 324-327
Front Matter....Pages 289-289
Attempts to Unify the Australian Height Datum Between the Mainland and Tasmania....Pages 328-333
Towards the Establishment of an Indonesian Unified Vertical Datum....Pages 334-338
Determination of a Unified Height Reference System for the Computation of a Local Geoid around the Volcanoes Merapi and Merbabu, Java, Indonesia....Pages 339-344
The Vertical Reference System for Europe....Pages 345-350
Back Matter....Pages 351-355